真菌完整染色體DNA的幾種不同制備方法

Several Different Preparation Methods for Intact Chromosome DNA of Fungi

楊建明　馮愛萍　陳明杰　潘迎捷　

摘　要：系統(tǒng)地介紹了目前用于真菌電泳核型分析的真菌完整染色體DNA的7種制備方法,并討論了各種方法在真菌中應(yīng)用的優(yōu)缺點,為真菌電泳核型分析提供技術(shù)基礎(chǔ).

關(guān)鍵詞：電泳核型; 完整染色體DNA; 原生質(zhì)體法; 液氮研磨法; 直接包埋電泳法

分類號：Q949.32;Q343.2 　文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A

文章編號：1005-9873(2003)02-0055-05

基金項目：本項目由上海市科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展基金資助,項目編號(003912076)

作者簡介：楊建明(1978-),男,2001年畢業(yè)于安徽技術(shù)師范學(xué)院生物系,學(xué)士學(xué)位,現(xiàn)為南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院微生物學(xué)系在讀碩士研究生.研究方向: 真菌遺傳育種.陳明杰,本文通訊作者

作者單位：楊建明（南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院,南京,210095）　

　　　　　馮愛萍（農(nóng)業(yè)部食用菌遺傳育種重點開放實驗室;上海市農(nóng)業(yè)遺傳育種重點開放實驗室;上海市農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院食用菌研究所,上海,201106）　

　　　　　陳明杰（農(nóng)業(yè)部食用菌遺傳育種重點開放實驗室;上海市農(nóng)業(yè)遺傳育種重點開放實驗室;上海市農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院食用菌研究所,上海,201106）　

　　　　　潘迎捷（農(nóng)業(yè)部食用菌遺傳育種重點開放實驗室;上海市農(nóng)業(yè)遺傳育種重點開放實驗室;上海市農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院食用菌研究所,上海,201106）　

參考文獻(xiàn)：

［1］Kim K, Tamai Y, Azuma T,et al. Analysis of the electrophoretic karyotype of Flammulina velutipes[J]. The Japan Wood Research Society, 2000,46:466～469.

［2］Schwartz DC,Cantor CR. Separation of yeast chromosome-sized DNAs by pulsed field gradient gel electrophoresis[J]. Cell, 1984,37:67～75.

［3］Kistler HC,Meinhardt LW, Benny U. Mutants of Nectria haematococca created by a site-directed chromosome breakage are greatly reduced in Virulence Toward Pea[J]. MPMI,1996,9(9):804～809.

［4］Tzeng TH, Lyngholm LK, Ford CF, et al. A restriction fragment length polymorphism map and electrophoretic karyotype of the fungal maize pathogen Cochliobolus heterstrophus[J]. Genetics,1992,130:81～96.

［5］Kodama M, Rose MS,Yang G, et al. The translocation-associated Tox1 locus of Cochliobolus heterostrophus is two genetic elements on different chromosomes[J]. Genetics ,1999,151:585～596.

［6］Miao VPW, Covert Sf,Van Etten HD. A fungal gene for antibiotic resistance on a dispensable (B) chromosome[J]. Science,1991,254:1173.

［7］Skinner DZ, Budde AD,Leong SA, et al. Molecular karyotype analysis of fungi,In: More gene manipulation in fungi[M]. Orlando: Academic Press. Inc, 1991.87～102.

［8］Takao K, Salimath SS,Shi J, et al. High resolution genetic and physical mapping of molecular markers linked to the phytophthora resistance gene Rpsl-k in soybean[J]. MPMI, 1997,10(9):1035～1044.

［9］McCluskey K, Mills D. Identification and characterization of chromosome length polymorphism among strains representing fourteen races of Ustilago hordei[J]. Mol Plant-Microl Interact, 1990,3(6):366～373.

［10］Martin F. Meitic Instability of Pythium sylvaticum as demonstrated by inheritance of nuclear markers and karyotype analysis[J]. Genetics,1995,139:1233～1246.

［11］Masel A, Braithwaile K, Ivwin J ,et al. Highly variable karyotypes in the plant pathygen Colletottichum gloeosporioides[J]. Curr. Genet,1990,18:81.

［12］Andrew W Smith, Kathryn Collis, Martin Ramsden,et al. Chromosome re-arrangements in improved cephalosporin C-producing strains of Acremonium chrysogenum[J]. Curr. Genet,1991,19:235～237.

［13］Howlett BJ. An electrophoretic karyotype for Phytophthora megasperma[J]. Experimental Mycology,1989,13:199～202.

［14］Osiewacz HD, Clairmont A, Huth M. Electrophoretic karyotype of the ascomycete Podospora anserina[J]. Curr. Genet,1990,18:481～483.

［15］Orbach MJ, Vollrath D, Davis RW, et al. An electrophoretic karyotype of Neurospora crassa[J]. Mol. Cell Biol,1988,8:1469～1473.

［16］Torsten Kayser, Güner Schulz. Electrophoretic karyotype of cellulolytic Penicillium janthinellum strains[J]. Curr. Genet, 1991,20:289～291.

［17］Stephen Lodder, Keith Gull, David Wood. An electrophoretic karyotype of the cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus[J]. Curr. Genet, 1993,24:496～499.

［18］陳金東,魯曉暄,黃鷹,等. 脈沖場凝膠電泳中酵母完整染色體DNA標(biāo)記的簡化制備法[J]. 中華醫(yī)學(xué)遺傳學(xué)雜志,1993,10(3):165～166.

［19］薩姆布魯克,弗里奇,曼尼阿蒂斯著(金冬燕,黎孟楓等譯).分子克隆實驗指南(第二版)[M].北京:科學(xué)出版社,1995.337～338.

［20］蔣繼志,尚曉東,鄭小波,等. 用做標(biāo)記的兩種酵母菌完整染色體DNA的簡化制備法[J]. 菌物系統(tǒng),1998,17(2):174～178.

［21］尚曉東,鄭小波,陸家云. 鐮孢屬幾種植物病原真菌分子核型的研究[J]. 菌物系統(tǒng),1999,18(4):379～384.

［22］McCluskey K. Bussell BW, Mills D. Electrophoretic karyotyping without the need for generating protoplasts[J]. Curr. Genet,1990,18:385～386.

［23］Mills D, McCluskey K. Electrophoretic karyotypes of fungi: The new cytology[J]. Mol. Plant-Microb. Interact, 1990,3(6):351～357.